Index Circular Stirling Stirling program source code Links
circular Gamma dual circular Alpha Alpha Beta Gamma

Animation of the Siemens type Stirling engine.
Cylinder 1 Cylinder 2 Cylinder 3 Cylinder 4
piston 1 piston 2 piston 3 piston 4
compression space piston drive rod 1 compression space compression space piston drive rod 2 compression space compression space piston drive rod 3 compression space compression space piston drive rod 4 compression space
connecting rod 1 connecting rod 2 connecting rod 3 connecting rod 4
crosshead 1 crosshead 1 crosshead 2 crosshead 2 crosshead 3 crosshead 3 crosshead 4 crosshead 4
crosshead 1 crosshead 1 crosshead 2 crosshead 2 crosshead 3 crosshead 3 crosshead 4 crosshead 4
crank 1 crank 1 crank 1 crank 2 crank 2 crank 2 crank 3 crank 3 crank 3 crank 4 crank 4 crank 4
crank 1 crank 1 crank 2 crank 2 crank 3 crank 3 crank 4 crank 4
hot gas in heater tube or expansion space.
heater
hot cap
regenerator
cylinder wall
piston
connecting duct
cold gas in cooler tube or compression space
cooling water
piston drive rod
crosshead
connecting rod
crank
crankshaft

Note: In the GM 4L23 the firing order is 1-3-4-2-1.
Here the firing order is 1-4-3-2-1.
Cylinder 4 and cilinder 3 should be switched in this animation.
The scale: 2 millimetre= 1 pixel (for the moving parts in the GM 4L23)
Degree of cycle (of cylinder 1).
degree of cycle
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
Animation speed (cycles/minute.) Stops after 3 minutes.
animation speed
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Click here for more about the GM4L23



Info to calculate movements.
 1. number of similar engine units per engine.
 2. crank angle between the crank on cylinder 1 and cyl. 2.
 3. Angle between the two cylinders. Often 0 or 90 degrees.
 4. cm, crank radius.
 5. cm, length of connecting rod.

Info to calculate active volumes and volume changes.
 6. cm, diameter engine cylinder.
 7. cm, diameter of piston drive rod.

Info to calculate dead volumes.
 8. cm, piston/displacer end clearance.
 9. cm, gap in hot cap.
10. cm, length of hot cap.


CALCULATED OUTPUTS.

%
100-
90-
80-
70-
60-
50-
40-
30-
20-
10-
0-
Volume, red= hot, green= total, blue= cold
( % of maximum total volume)
c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
Angle degree

HOT CYLINDER VOLUMES
= hot cylinder end clearance dead volume, cm^3.
= hot active volume, cm^3.
+ -------------
= total maximum hot cylinder volume, cm^3.

COLD CYLINDER VOLUMES
= cold cylinder end clearance dead volume, cm^3.
= cold cylinder active volume, cm^3.
+ -----------
= total maximum cold cylinder volume, cm^3.

REGENERATOR VOLUMES
= gap in hot cap dead volume, cm^3.

extra
= displacer, hot piston area, cm^2.
= power piston, cold piston area, cm^2.
= total maximum cylinder volume, cm^3.